Energy and system-size dependence
of two- and four-particle v2 measurements in heavy ion collisions
at RHIC and their implications on flow fluctuations and non-flow
Figure 1 (Left)
eps
| png
Au+Au 200 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{2}2
(LS)
|
Statistical
Error
|
Systematic
Error
|
0-5
|
5.364e-04
|
6.01e-08
|
2.81e-07
|
5-10
|
1.222e-03
|
1.22e-07
|
7.43e-07
|
10-20
|
2.533e-03
|
1.86e-07
|
3.11e-06
|
20-30
|
4.191e-03
|
3.45e-07
|
8.11e-06
|
30-40
|
5.441e-03
|
5.54e-07
|
1.34e-05
|
40-50
|
6.014e-03
|
7.96e-07
|
1.59e-05
|
50-60
|
5.986e-03
|
1.14e-06
|
1.66e-05
|
60-70
|
5.615e-03
|
1.81e-06
|
1.35e-05
|
70-80
|
5.858e-03
|
3.69e-06
|
1.12e-05
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{2}2
(CI) |
Statistical
Error
|
Systematic
Error
|
0-5
|
6.498e-04
|
1.91e-06
|
1.47e-05
|
5-10
|
1.352e-03
|
3.07e-06
|
2.35e-05
|
10-20
|
2.691e-03
|
3.26e-06
|
6.55e-05
|
20-30
|
4.381e-03
|
4.65e-06
|
1.31e-04
|
30-40
|
5.659e-03
|
6.44e-06
|
1.89e-04
|
40-50
|
6.266e-03
|
8.38e-06
|
2.14e-04
|
50-60
|
6.240e-03
|
1.12e-05
|
2.25e-04
|
60-70
|
5.879e-03
|
1.66e-05
|
1.89e-04
|
70-80
|
5.916e-03
|
3.04e-05
|
1.48e-04
|
Au+Au 62.4 GeV
|
| Centrality
(%) |
v2{2}2
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-5
|
3.834e-04
|
7.18e-08
|
1.64e-07
|
5-10
|
9.766e-04
|
1.54e-07
|
4.41e-07
|
10-20
|
2.068e-03
|
2.31e-07
|
2.47e-06
|
20-30
|
3.408e-03
|
4.34e-07
|
6.27e-06 |
30-40
|
4.345e-03
|
6.91e-07 |
9.73e-06 |
40-50
|
4.710e-03
|
1.04e-06 |
1.11e-05 |
50-60
|
4.612e-03
|
1.55e-06 |
9.96e-06 |
60-70
|
4.513e-03
|
2.71e-06 |
6.96e-06 |
70-80
|
5.253e-03
|
6.62e-06 |
2.88e-06 |
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{2}2
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-5
|
5.317e-04
|
2.63e-06
|
1.16e-05
|
5-10
|
1.139e-03
|
4.32e-06
|
1.65e-05
|
10-20
|
2.251e-03 |
5.10e-06
|
5.90e-05
|
20-30
|
3.615e-03 |
6.50e-06
|
1.14e-04
|
30-40
|
4.564e-03 |
7.31e-06
|
1.55e-04
|
40-50
|
4.923e-03 |
1.39e-05
|
1.69e-04
|
50-60
|
4.800e-03 |
1.42e-05
|
1.52e-04
|
60-70
|
4.532e-03 |
3.19e-05
|
1.04e-04
|
70-80
|
4.902e-03 |
4.78e-05
|
3.70e-05
|
Figure 1 (Right)
eps
| png
Cu+Cu 200 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{2}2
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
1.449e-03
|
2.85e-08
|
2.63e-06
|
10-20
|
2.289e-03
|
6.45e-07
|
4.90e-06
|
20-30
|
3.076e-03
|
7.50e-07
|
7.50e-06
|
30-40
|
3.702e-03
|
5.02e-07
|
1.05e-05
|
40-50
|
4.259e-03
|
1.18e-06
|
1.12e-05
|
50-60
|
4.750e-03
|
9.97e-07
|
1.18e-05
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{2}2
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
1.559e-03
|
1.44e-07
|
1.43e-06
|
10-20
|
2.464e-03
|
2.56e-07
|
3.80e-06
|
20-30
|
3.287e-03
|
3.87e-07
|
6.19e-06
|
30-40
|
3.921e-03
|
7.70e-07
|
9.10e-06
|
40-50
|
4.437e-03
|
1.09e-06
|
8.96e-06
|
50-60
|
4.873e-03
|
1.35e-06
|
8.90e-06
|
| Cu+Cu
62.4 GeV |
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{2}2
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
1.126e-03
|
2.04e-07
|
3.96e-07
|
10-20
|
1.871e-03
|
3.63e-07
|
1.80e-06
|
20-30
|
2.629e-03
|
6.10e-07
|
3.06e-06
|
30-40
|
3.221e-03
|
9.98e-07
|
3.62e-06
|
40-50
|
3.812e-03
|
1.70e-06
|
3.67e-06
|
50-60
|
4.536e-03
|
2.99e-06
|
2.59e-06
|
| Centrality
(%) |
v2{2}2
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
1.336e-03
|
4.79e-06
|
1.40e-05
|
10-20
|
2.090e-03
|
6.27e-06
|
4.65e-05
|
20-30
|
2.842e-03
|
7.57e-06
|
6.45e-05
|
30-40
|
3.383e-03
|
1.09e-05
|
6.70e-05
|
40-50
|
3.849e-03
|
1.64e-05
|
6.00e-05
|
50-60
|
4.349e-03
|
2.94e-05
|
3.70e-05
|
Figure 2
eps
| png
Figure 3 (Left)
eps
| png
Au+Au 200 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-5
|
-1.952e-08
|
1.34e-08
|
3.00e-09
|
5-10
|
3.134e-07
|
1.21e-08
|
2.70e-08
|
10-20
|
2.825e-06
|
2.50e-08
|
1.59e-07 |
20-30
|
9.516e-06
|
2.05e-08
|
6.77e-07 |
30-40
|
1.568e-05
|
5.00e-08
|
1.14e-06 |
40-50
|
1.723e-05
|
3.00e-07
|
1.49e-06 |
50-60
|
1.442e-05
|
2.70e-07
|
1.44e-06 |
60-70
|
9.161e-06
|
1.27e-07
|
1.34e-06 |
70-80
|
2.470e-05
|
5.22e-06
|
8.92e-06 |
| Centrality
(%) |
v2{4}4
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-5
|
-3.984e-08
|
9.65e-09
|
6.03e-09
|
5-10
|
3.417e-07
|
2.21e-08
|
3.11e-08
|
10-20
|
2.780e-06
|
4.16e-08
|
1.63e-07
|
20-30
|
9.443e-06
|
9.12e-08
|
7.17e-07
|
30-40
|
1.574e-05
|
1.56e-07
|
1.24e-06
|
40-50
|
1.759e-05
|
2.22e-07
|
1.67e-06
|
50-60
|
1.389e-05
|
2.95e-07
|
1.53e-06
|
60-70
|
7.263e-06
|
4.23e-07
|
1.15e-06
|
70-80
|
2.622e-06
|
7.89e-07
|
1.30e-06
|
Au+Au 62.4 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-5
|
-2.098e-08
|
5.79e-08
|
1.50e-08
|
5-10
|
2.539e-07
|
7.80e-09
|
9.66e-09
|
10-20
|
2.072e-06
|
3.25e-08
|
1.40e-07
|
20-30
|
6.804e-06
|
3.13e-07
|
6.18e-07
|
30-40
|
1.107e-05
|
2.62e-07
|
8.49e-07
|
40-50
|
1.009e-05
|
1.25e-08
|
8.81e-07
|
50-60
|
5.938e-06
|
3.33e-07
|
1.49e-06
|
60-70
|
-4.737e-06
|
5.23e-07
|
1.26e-07
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-5
|
-3.585e-08
|
1.27e-08
|
1.97e-08
|
5-10
|
2.398e-07
|
2.14e-08
|
8.80e-09
|
10-20
|
2.100e-06
|
4.82e-08
|
1.50e-07
|
20-30
|
6.669e-06
|
1.17e-07
|
6.49e-07
|
30-40
|
1.063e-05
|
1.95e-07
|
8.87e-07
|
40-50
|
1.047e-05
|
2.22e-07
|
1.01e-06
|
50-60
|
5.866e-06
|
3.58e-07
|
1.46e-06
|
60-70
|
3.371e-06
|
4.95e-07
|
1.74e-06
|
Figure 3 (Right)
eps
| png
Cu+Cu 200 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
-1.204e-07
|
5.35e-08
|
8.78e-08
|
10-20
|
2.231e-07
|
6.85e-08
|
1.24e-06
|
20-30
|
2.415e-07
|
1.11e-07
|
5.64e-08
|
30-40
|
8.837e-07
|
2.58e-07
|
1.72e-06
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
-2.466e-07
|
2.93e-08
|
1.53e-07
|
10-20
|
1.630e-07
|
7.43e-08
|
1.82e-07
|
20-30
|
4.647e-07
|
9.59e-08
|
9.45e-08
|
30-40
|
1.274e-06
|
2.01e-07
|
8.79e-07
|
Cu+Cu 62.4 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(LS) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
-5.807e-08
|
2.94e-08
|
1.21e-08
|
10-20
|
-6.207e-07
|
6.36e-08
|
6.99e-08
|
20-30
|
3.597e-07
|
1.26e-07
|
1.24e-07
|
30-40
|
6.964e-07
|
2.27e-07
|
2.13e-07
|
40-50
|
4.686e-07
|
4.23e-07
|
3.64e-07
|
Centrality
(%)
|
v2{4}4
(CI) |
Statistical
Error |
Systematic
Error |
0-10
|
-1.535e-07
|
2.65e-08
|
3.49e-08
|
10-20
|
-2.339e-07
|
4.77e-08
|
2.93e-08
|
20-30
|
7.609e-07
|
1.08e-07
|
3.44e-07
|
30-40
|
1.258e-06
|
1.82e-07
|
4.02e-07
|
40-50
|
1.004e-06
|
3.02e-07
|
1.41e-07
|
Figure 4 (Left)
eps
| png
Figure 4 (Right)
eps
| png
Figure 5 (Left)
eps
| png
Figure 5 (Right)
eps
| png
Figure 6
eps
| png
Figure 7 (Left)
eps
| png
Figure 7 (Right)
eps
| png
Figure 8
eps
| png
Figure 9
eps
| png
Figure 10
eps
| png
Figure 11
eps
| png
Figure 12
eps
| png
Au+Au 200 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
ε{2}2
|
Error
|
| MCG-N |
0-5
|
0.00965721
|
0.00027937
|
5-10
|
0.0212873
|
0.0005366
|
10-20
|
0.0492807
|
0.00241035
|
20-30
|
0.0949665
|
0.0026438
|
30-40
|
0.147633
|
0.003694
|
40-50
|
0.204893
|
0.003263
|
50-60
|
0.272834
|
0.001314
|
60-70
|
0.370795
|
0.0033685
|
70-80
|
0.492136
|
0.009003
|
| MCG-Q |
0-5
|
0.0134265
|
0.0003475
|
5-10
|
0.0294083
|
0.0008026
|
10-20
|
0.0649221
|
0.00193205
|
20-30
|
0.1192180
|
0.0036450
|
30-40
|
0.1784510
|
0.0036510
|
40-50
|
0.2404210
|
0.0064795
|
50-60
|
0.3130720
|
0.0033535
|
60-70
|
0.4163130
|
0.0028350
|
70-80
|
0.5610920
|
0.0095105
|
| fKLN-CGC |
0-5
|
0.0121762
|
0.0001464
|
5-10
|
0.0329383
|
7.285e-05
|
10-20
|
0.0735755
|
0.00060905
|
20-30
|
0.1317690
|
0.0024820
|
30-40
|
0.1877260
|
0.0038995
|
40-50
|
0.2429560
|
0.0050520
|
50-60
|
0.2982640
|
0.0037915
|
60-70
|
0.3631850
|
0.0022270
|
70-80
|
0.4367310
|
0.0066415
|
|
|
|
| Centrality
(%) |
ε{4}4 |
Error |
| MCG-N |
0-5
|
-1.73716e-05
|
1.52196e-05
|
5-10
|
5.16913e-05
|
4.15348e-05
|
10-20
|
0.000799545
|
0.000400394
|
20-30
|
0.00464577
|
0.000842096
|
30-40
|
0.01254490
|
0.001570740
|
40-50
|
0.02523020
|
0.001674000
|
50-60
|
0.04598180
|
0.000983376
|
60-70
|
0.09127290
|
0.004589830
|
70-80
|
0.17841700
|
0.013315300
|
| MCG-Q |
0-5
|
-2.57652e-05
|
1.46553e-05
|
5-10
|
0.000204516
|
9.39421e-05
|
10-20
|
0.00194643
|
0.000397067
|
20-30
|
0.00845356
|
0.00130960
|
30-40
|
0.0203368
|
0.00179638
|
40-50
|
0.0372489
|
0.00409657
|
50-60
|
0.0632562
|
0.00281375
|
60-70
|
0.1221170
|
0.00240207
|
70-80
|
0.2421840
|
0.01583530
|
| fKLN-CGC |
0-5
|
-1.76331e-06
|
7.96496e-06
|
5-10
|
0.000473513
|
1.62212e-05
|
10-20
|
0.00323583
|
0.000102841
|
20-30
|
0.0122214
|
0.000905801
|
30-40
|
0.025342
|
0.00196406
|
40-50
|
0.0421283
|
0.00305823
|
50-60
|
0.0631188
|
0.00318782
|
60-70
|
0.0935327
|
0.00292543
|
70-80
|
0.138113
|
0.00880286
|
Au+Au 62.4 GeV
|
Centrality
(%)
|
ε{2}2
|
Error
|
| MCG-N |
0-5
|
0.0105621
|
0.0002
|
5-10
|
0.0227743
|
0.0007747
|
10-20
|
0.052864
|
0.00202700
|
20-30
|
0.101396
|
0.00298895
|
30-40
|
0.155117
|
0.0041995
|
40-50
|
0.217771
|
0.0024905
|
50-60
|
0.287872
|
0.0040475
|
60-70
|
0.383982
|
0.0041980
|
70-80
|
0.508628
|
0.0112105
|
| MCG-Q |
0-5
|
0.0139945
|
0.00022955
|
5-10
|
0.0306958
|
0.0008591
|
10-20
|
0.0661879
|
0.00154275
|
20-30
|
0.122218
|
0.0037570
|
30-40
|
0.180914
|
0.0040450
|
40-50
|
0.242981
|
0.0055095
|
50-60
|
0.313121
|
0.0054955
|
60-70
|
0.414768
|
0.0014840
|
70-80
|
0.563376
|
0.0022785
|
Centrality
(%)
|
ε{4}4
|
Error |
| MCG-N |
0-5
|
-2.20341e-05
|
1.23957e-05
|
5-10
|
5.89495e-05
|
5.78584e-05
|
10-20
|
0.00100101
|
0.000337728
|
20-30
|
0.0055753
|
0.000830745
|
30-40
|
0.0142326
|
0.00176453
|
40-50
|
0.0291857
|
0.00131861
|
50-60
|
0.0528226
|
0.00291006
|
60-70
|
0.0996544
|
0.00606019
|
70-80
|
0.1920980
|
0.0176575
|
| MCG-Q |
0-5
|
-1.55029e-05
|
1.6973e-05
|
5-10
|
0.000217244
|
7.54543e-05
|
10-20
|
0.00198454
|
0.000313208
|
20-30
|
0.00901528
|
0.0013763
|
30-40
|
0.0209301
|
0.00202706
|
40-50
|
0.0379712
|
0.00360595
|
50-60
|
0.0640995
|
0.00492785
|
60-70
|
0.1166150
|
0.00227486
|
70-80
|
0.2428970
|
0.00382692
|
Cu+Cu 200 GeV
|
Centrality (%)
|
ε{2}2
|
Error
|
| MCG-N |
0-10
|
0.039197
|
0.00037475
|
10-20
|
0.0751165
|
0.00062705
|
20-30
|
0.126325
|
0.001029
|
30-40
|
0.193862
|
0.002997
|
40-50
|
0.281052
|
0.002059
|
50-60
|
0.387636
|
0.004245
|
| MCG-Q |
0-10
|
0.0486813
|
0.0001063
|
10-20
|
0.0894435
|
0.00021535
|
20-30
|
0.145763
|
0.000137
|
30-40
|
0.219163
|
0.002393
|
40-50
|
0.318746
|
0.0025155
|
50-60
|
0.439987
|
0.0068085
|
| fKLN-CGC |
0-10
|
0.0377422
|
6.775e-05
|
10-20
|
0.0790866
|
0.0006372
|
20-30
|
0.131234
|
0.0016505
|
30-40
|
0.187418
|
0.001480
|
40-50
|
0.254626
|
0.004893
|
50-60
|
0.332178
|
0.004488
|
| Centrality (%)
|
ε{4}4 |
Error
|
| MCG-N |
0-10
|
-0.00012025
|
0.000112928
|
10-20
|
,0.000497877
|
0.000216563
|
20-30
|
,0.00423961
|
0.000438685
|
30-40
|
0.0144494
|
0.00197530
|
40-50
|
0.0399955
|
0.00164288
|
50-60
|
0.0930783
|
0.00548399
|
| MCG-Q |
0-10
|
-6.60121e-05
|
2.62467e-05,
|
10-20
|
0.00107168
|
7.75891e-05
|
20-30
|
0.0062717
|
0.000256923
|
30-40
|
0.0195087
|
0.00196041
|
40-50
|
0.052928
|
,0.00308888
|
50-60
|
0.123785
|
0.00883119
|
| fKLN-CGC |
0-10
|
9.82732e-06
|
5.44524e-06
|
10-20
|
0.00140728
|
0.000205207
|
20-30
|
0.00650543
|
0.000748501
|
30-40
|
0.0163328
|
0.00100016
|
40-50
|
0.0354137
|
0.0036375
|
50-60
|
0.0688514
|
0.00456519
|
Cu+Cu 62.4 GeV
|
Centrality (%)
|
ε{2}2
|
Error
|
| MCG-N |
0-10
|
0.0420983
|
0.00053885
|
10-20
|
0.0797165
|
0.0016114
|
20-30
|
0.133981
|
0.0016645
|
30-40
|
0.200825
|
0.0013605
|
40-50
|
0.294395
|
0.0012585
|
50-60
|
0.410119
|
0.0003445
|
| MCG-Q |
0-10
|
0.0514027
|
0.00092265
|
10-20
|
0.0929867
|
0.00116825
|
20-30
|
0.149062
|
0.0001195
|
30-40
|
0.221465
|
0.0014245
|
40-50
|
0.319930
|
0.0023070
|
50-60
|
0.451163
|
0.0044515
|
|
|
|
Centrality
(%)
|
ε{4}4
|
Error |
| MCG-N |
0-10
|
-0.000218706
|
0.000132584
|
10-20
|
0.000592541
|
0.000608902
|
20-30
|
0.00463802
|
0.000927179
|
30-40
|
0.0157571
|
0.000767965
|
40-50
|
0.0435758
|
0.00129291
|
50-60
|
0.105822
|
0.00118178
|
| MCG-Q |
0-10
|
-4.36749e-05
|
0.000234715
|
10-20
|
0.00114235
|
,0.00037443
|
20-30
|
0.00620936
|
9.37341e-05
|
30-40
|
0.0193376
|
0.000796887
|
40-50
|
,0.05157740
|
0.00244452
|
50-60
|
0.129769
|
0.00547436
|
Other results from Models :
Monte Carlo Glauber
Model for Nucleon Participants (MCG-N)
Monte Carlo Glauber
Model for Quark Constituents (MCG-Q)
Monte Carlo Color Glass Condensate
Model (fKLN-CGC)
For any query, please contact : Navneet
Kumar Pruthi